Going Out: An Expansive Elementary

At the elementary level, children want to know the how and why of everything. As a result, they have a strong drive to explore the world beyond their immediate family and even their classroom or school. New interests compel elementary-age children to explore anywhere and everywhere! Plus, they are creating their ability to function in society. In order to achieve this, our elementary children need to acquire new skills.

One of the ways Montessori elementary programs help six- to twelve-year-olds develop these new skills is through something called “going out.” Dr. Maria Montessori developed the idea of “going out” both literally and figuratively. She recognized how, developmentally, elementary-age children needed to go out the door of the classroom and that the door should open into the wider world.

What is Going Out?

Imagine that a group of two, three, or four children have been studying something in the classroom. They have exhausted all of the resources in the class or school library and are eager to learn more. For example, a group of children may have learned about falcons. They want to interview a falconer and see some falcons up close. Or maybe a couple of students have been interested in mice, so they visit the local pet store to learn about the care of rodents. Students who just researched the Titanic may discover a nearby museum with a display about the Titanic, so they arrange a visit. Children learning about a period in history might visit a local theater’s costume shop to find clothing from that time period and recreate what someone would wear. The options are endless. 

Purposes of Going Out

This small group experience serves elementary children’s need for independence, collaboration, and experience. They need new opportunities for intellectual stimulation. They are curious to learn more. They want to learn everything about the universe and the universe won’t fit into our classrooms!

In addition, elementary children need to be social and collaborate. In preparing for a “going out” experience, students get to work together in an authentic and meaningful way. In the classroom, they share resources, make group decisions, delegate and divide labor, take responsibility, and celebrate each other’s success. Inevitably conflict can arise and can be a necessary and important part of their work. With support, children practice respectful problem-solving. So with all this practice, they are ready to apply these skills outside of the classroom through their “going out” experiences. 

“Going out” trips also require a new level of self-discipline. Children must make decisions and take action. In order to have a successful outing, they have to organize their thinking, themselves, and each other. They also must demonstrate a high level of responsibility, as individuals and as a group.

Different than a Field Trip

Although field trips are important and delightful, they are quite different than the “going out” experience. Field trips involve the entire class and are often planned and executed by an adult. The “going out” trip, however, involves a small group of children who want to learn more about something they are studying or investigating. Those children are then responsible for all of the logistics of the “going out” trip. The outing is conceived, planned, organized, and carried out by this small group of children who have a mission to learn more.

The responsibility for setting up a “going out” experience can require a variety of skills ranging from letter writing, sending emails, filling out forms, making appointments, finding transportation, reading schedules, budgeting for the day, making a phone call, speaking to different kinds of people, using electronics respectfully, packing supplies, confirming appointments, and following up with acknowledgments or thanks. 

Sometimes children may need little mini-lessons about particular forms of decorum related to their “going out” — how to enter a theater, how to conduct an interview, how to write a thank you note, how to show you are listening, how to pay an admissions fee, etc. These are all vital skills that help our children prepare for how they will enter society.

A Community Effort

A successful “going out” program requires the support of the whole school community and the community at large. Sometimes parents or school staff offer to transport children. Being a “going out” driver is very different than being a field trip chaperone. A “going out” driver relies upon the children to share the directions, where to park, and what to do. If the children have neglected to check the hours of the place they are visiting, and they arrive to find the doors locked, the driver merely waits for instructions from the children about what to do next. This requires a great deal of adult self-restraint and an understanding of the aims of the program! 

The children take on the challenge and expectation of what is expected. They want to be capable and they want to know what successful entry into society requires. When they find out what the rules are, they feel more secure in the world. Over time, as children develop connections and relationships out in the greater community, they also pave the way for future “going out” trips.

Support at Home

The spirit of “going out” can be supported at home, too! Think about the various activities that happen in our daily routines and how our children can take on some ownership or responsibility. For example, going to the grocery store can become its own “going out” experience. Part of the planning and preparation can involve sitting with our children to peruse the weekly sale flier to map out some menus for the week ahead. Children can make a list of what to buy and even estimate how much it will cost or try to work within a predetermined budget. Before leaving for the store, they can gather what is needed: reusable bags, the shopping list, snacks so no one shops hungry, etc. Or perhaps a recent weekend hike sparks curiosity about a particular subject, like rock slides or mushrooms. Children can find out the hours of the local library, talk with the librarian about their interests, and initiate the process of checking out or requesting some resources.

Elementary children are capable of so much, physically and mentally. Thus, we want to acknowledge their potential and offer keys for our children to unlock new experiences and step into the wonderful world beyond the school. The best part? Not only does the “going out” experience meet elementary students’ developmental needs, it also promotes a future full of good citizenship and responsible community members.

To see this work in action, please schedule a tour!

Elementary History: A Scope and Sequence

Think back to your grade school days: what do you remember learning about history? Whatever you did learn was probably focused on your country’s history, didn’t take up very much of your total learning time, and may have even contained some “facts” that you began to question as you got older. For the majority of us, in-depth history instruction didn’t take place until perhaps high school, and even then, it wasn’t all that comprehensive.

As with all subjects, Montessori schools begin with the big picture and gradually focus in on the details. That’s why when we teach history, we start at the very beginning. We give students an understanding of the start of the universe. Over the course of the year/years, we give progressively more detailed lessons that zoom in eventually to the various cultures that have existed on Earth throughout history. We find this approach helps give kids a frame of reference in which everything makes just a bit more sense - and is a whole lot more interesting.

It all starts in the first grade. History is one of the few areas of learning in the Montessori classroom in which students receive group lessons — sometimes even the whole class at a time. This is because all of the children within a three-year age span are developmentally prepared to engage with the information being presented, and when they participate in these big, impressionistic lessons each year they’re in a class, they gain something new each time. 

What do we teach and where do we start? We present an overview of what the Montessori history curriculum looks like in grades 1-6:

The Creation of the Universe

Early in the school year — sometimes even the very first week — lower elementary Montessori guides present a fantastic lesson about the beginnings of our universe. It’s all very dramatic and presented in a darkened room and delivered in a story-telling format, although there are a number of ‘science experiments’ sprinkled throughout. From the Big Bang/Great Flaring Forth, to the formation of the first particles, the first elements, states of matter, density, and the sheer vastness of space, there is a LOT of information included. The whole thing ends with the unveiling of a model volcano into which vinegar is poured to cause an ‘eruption’, much to the delight of 6-9 year old children. This lesson ends with an explanation of Earth’s early geological history, and children walk away excited and in awe.

The Concept of Time

At some point during the year, and likely toward the beginning, children learn a bit more about the mechanics of how humans observe the passing of time. They look at how the year is divided with the help of their fraction materials, they explore years by making their own timelines, and they learn to tell time on the clock. This section of study concludes by intersecting with grammar and learning the three fundamental tenses: past, present, and future.

The Long Black Strip

This lesson is literally so big it has to be done outdoors or in a *very* long hallway. While children stand to the sides, the guide carries out a large, rolled up strip of black felt. The outer end is weighted down, and as she unrolls it they tell the story of Earth’s history. From the formation of our planet itself, to the earliest one-celled organisms, through the evolution of all living things, and so on. The strip is 30 meters long, and each centimeter is meant to represent a million years. By the time the very end is revealed, the children can see a tiny slice of white. This represents the amount of time humans have inhabited the earth. You can imagine what children are feeling when they walk away from such a powerful visual.

The Clock of Eras

As you can tell by now, we like to give children impressionistic lessons, and visual aids that help them develop a frame of reference. The Clock of Eras imagines Earth’s history as if it were encompassed within a twelve hour clock. This circular, laminated cardboard material breaks down the major eras and allows children to see a visual percentage of the total history each section takes up. They are able to see the large chunk of time during which there was no, or nearly no life at all. This is followed by another imposingly long stretch of time during which Earth was host to just one-celled organisms. As life became more complex, the slices of the pie become smaller and smaller, until a minuscule strip of red again shows all of humanity.

The Time Line of Life

The time line of life is exactly what it sounds like: a large and gorgeously illustrated wall hanging that shows how life has evolved from the beginning of the Paleozoic Era. Children are fascinated to learn about the seemingly strange earlier life forms, and how over time they changed and paved the way for others. It’s also neat to see how there are several organisms that have withstood the test of time and developed ways to adapt regardless of an ever-changing planet.

Fundamental Needs of Humans

What do people need to survive? Children learn about our basic needs, consider how they meet those needs today, and explore how various cultures met those needs throughout history.

The Study of Early Humans

We believe it is critical to teach children about where their ancestors came from. Having an understanding of human history allows us all to respect the enormous progress that has been made in countless ways since the existence of the first humans. We teach students how the earliest humans survived and met their needs, and how their eventual movement around the planet changed the course of history.

Stages in the Progress of Civilization

This area of study is of particular interest to upper elementary-aged children, and their newly-acquired research skills allow them to spend extensive amounts of time reading and discovering for themselves about how civilizations have functioned throughout history. Students dive deep into learning about ancient and more recent cultures and societies across the globe, discovering the many similarities and differences they have both to one another and to humans today. 

Once children complete the elementary program, they have a solid understanding of basic history. This allows them to more deeply understand and appreciate whatever history courses they take in the future.

New Class? Here’s What to Expect

Welcome! Whether your family has been part of our community for years or you’re just joining us for the first time, we look forward to spending the school year together. After the past year and a half, everyone is looking forward to a fresh start, with a return to some semblance of normalcy.

Some children will be Montessori students for the very first time. Others are moving up to a new level. Either way, it’s helpful to know what’s coming, and to have a little information regarding what to expect. Scan through the headings below to find which section or sections apply to your child.

If you’re brand-new to Montessori

During the application process and through your own personal research, you’ve probably learned a bit about what makes Montessori schools different from more conventional settings. The journey you find yourself beginning will be awe-inspiring, as many seasoned Montessori parents will tell you.

Montessori education has been around for more than a century, and so much of what we do is grounded in what works and what has worked for generations. Still, as a rule, educators are curious people who never stop learning. We are always seeking out new ways to make the experience more enriching for the children in our care. We observe, we ask questions, and we try out different methods that have worked well for others.

We encourage you to try the same. There is so much to learn about this amazing educational approach, that it can’t possibly be done all at once. This blog is a great place to check-in and read helpful information. Your child’s guide, as well as other Montessori parents, are excellent resources to turn to. As a school, we do our best to facilitate community-building events as well as parent education offerings that will help answer your questions - although this type of learning usually leads to even more curiosity!

Thank you for joining us. We are so glad to have you with us.

New to Children’s House?

Montessori primary environments are magical places. This is, after all, where it all began with the opening of Casa dei Bambini in Rome in 1907. Just how is this setting any different than other preschools or kindergarten classes? 

Right away you will notice the emphasis on personal independence. We encourage even our youngest primary students to walk to their classroom by themselves (once they settle into the routine), remove and hang their coat by themselves, and change their shoes by themselves. You’ll notice the work continues in subtle ways as their teacher meets them at the door, makes eye contact, greets them warmly and intentionally, and guides them to do the same.

In the classroom, your child will be free to explore and learn on their own terms. Many folks are surprised this does not translate into children running wildly around the room. The reason is that the freedom we offer is bound within carefully constructed limits. Yes, a child may choose their preferred work from the shelves, but we only put out work that we want them to be doing. Yes, they may stop to have a snack whenever their body tells them it’s time, but they are taught to clean their own crumbs and wash their own dishes.

Some new-to-Montessori families wonder what we do if a child wants to focus on the same work or area of the classroom over and over again. Short answer: we let them. Our belief, which has been confirmed countless times with experience, is that if a child is repeatedly drawn to something it’s because they have something important to learn from it. Once they have exhausted that need, they will eventually move on. We have learned to remove our own expectations of how long it should take or what trajectory an individual’s learning should follow.

One important Montessori mantra to keep in mind: follow the child. We let this guide so much of what we do, and it leads to amazing results.

New to Lower Elementary?

There is a definite shift in children around age six, which is why Dr. Montessori determined this to be the beginning of the second plane of development. You will notice your child is suddenly more imaginative, social with their peers, physically a bit clumsy, and so very eager to learn everything they can about the world (and universe) around them.

So, we keep all these things in mind in the lower elementary environment. Some highlights:

• Lessons are more often given in small groups (as opposed to individually when children are younger).

• Learning and work is based on teaching important basic math and literacy skills as well as a globally-focused foundation in science, geography, and history.

• The classroom is arranged so that children may work together with their peers.

• New expectations are established to ensure that children are engaging with academic content in all areas. Teachers meet and converse with students to share tools, strategies, and give suggestions to help them achieve goals.

• We give children BIG work, which is what they crave. Projects stretch out over days and weeks, and materials stretch across the classroom floor.

New to Upper Elementary?

Sometimes, upper and lower elementary classes are combined, as children aged 6-12 are all within the second plane of development. When schools are able, they do tend to separate this age group into two subgroups, as there are enough differences to make this worthwhile.

Sometime during the upper elementary years, your child will begin to stop using the gorgeous wooden Montessori materials. This is because after years of work, they have made their way to abstract learning. They no longer need concrete items to manipulate with their hands in order to understand concepts. This isn’t to say they never do anything hands-on, it just starts to look a bit different.

Upper elementary children have also had a few years to navigate social structures with their peers. They have had practice forming friendships and working through conflict. They have a better sense of who they are and how to interact with others. This brings a new sense of calm that was not seen when they were younger.

New to Middle and High School?

As with lower and upper elementary, all adolescents (middle and high school) are considered part of the same plane of development but are separated when a school is able or only offers middle school.

During this first half of adolescence, learning is still very much integrated. There are differentiations between subjects of course, but there are a multitude of ways in which the learning overlaps.

At this age, children begin to crave independence while also leaning heavily into peer relationships. They want their parents to be there but they also push them away. They crave new experiences but aren’t always able to make sound decisions due to their developing brain. To allow for all of these tendencies while also supporting growth, adolescents often meet together as a whole group with their teachers to discuss work, social dynamics, and a multitude of other important topics.

Social justice becomes more important to children at this age, and so our curriculum supports growth and learning that allows them to become active and engaged members of their communities.

One last very important element to note is that Dr. Montessori emphasized children at this age needing to work with their hands on something real and of value. This traditionally was working on a farm, but sometimes translates to microeconomy experiences, guiding students through running a business of their own.

Other aspects of Montessori middle and high school programs include:

• Academics are studied more in-depth, and sometimes without quite as much integration as adolescents delve into more specialized content.

• Service to the community is emphasized, and students take on powerful roles in this work.

• Sometimes students are able to explore individual interests and participate in internships or similar programs.

• Lengthy and complex culminating projects are completed over time, giving students a way to show their learning and a sense of what may lie ahead. This is an opportunity to practice practical life skills that are truly applicable to adult life.

Questions? Comments? We’d love to hear from you. Please feel free to reach out with your thoughts.

What is Cosmic Education?

As your child nears the end of their early childhood years and edges toward elementary, you may begin hearing the term cosmic education. Ever wonder what Montessori folks are referring to when they say this? The short answer is that cosmic education is the term Maria Montessori gave to the elementary cultural curriculum (and by cultural, we mean history, science, and geography).

As you may have guessed, to truly understand cosmic education, it takes much more than a short answer. Read on to learn more!

Hallmark Traits of the Second Plane

Before we explain what cosmic education is, it will help if we explain why it was developed in the first place. As you know, Montessori education relies heavily on our knowledge of the developmental characteristics of children. As children grow and change, so should our approaches in how we serve their educational needs. Montessori organizes the stages of development into four planes, and children ages 6-12 fall within the second plane of development. Some of the most notable characteristics of children this age include:

• A shift from concrete learning and understanding to more abstract concepts

• A strong sense of justice and fairness

• A desire to cultivate social relationships with peers

• A tendency toward imagination

• A deep interest in the world around them

• A need for work that feels big and important

Montessori education takes these unique characteristics into account with the way we approach our work with children in both lower and upper elementary. We allow for more social work experiences, we give plentiful opportunities for cultural learning, and even the lessons and materials were created to appeal to the needs of school-aged children.

A Deeper Definition

When we think about cosmic education, we think about our aims to give children a bigger picture of the world, their place in it, and the interconnectedness of everything. It is during this time they begin seeking answers to questions related to these topics, and their desire to learn as much about the world as possible is satisfied by the large amount of information available in their classroom environments.

Each year during the elementary years begins with a study of the beginnings of the universe. From here, and throughout the year, the study trickles outward. Children may learn about our solar system, basic chemistry, or how science experiments are conducted.  

They learn about the evolution of life on earth, as well as in-depth unit studies in botany and zoology. There are opportunities for research (independent and alongside peers), presentations, and exploration.

The children learn about our ancient human ancestors, the civilizations of centuries past, and the origins of writing and mathematics. The latter are perfectly timed, considering elementary children are in the process of discovering reading, writing, and math for themselves.

Impactful Lessons and Materials

Have you heard of the Montessori Great Lessons? These five impressionistic lessons are considered the springboard into cosmic education. They are theatrical and make quite an impact on children. They are presented in a storytelling fashion, which appeals to children’s imagination, yet they are rooted in facts, which appeals to their desire to learn the truth. 

Each of these five lessons is given repeatedly throughout a child’s years in elementary, and each time they receive a lesson they will glean something new from it, and the follow-up studies may be different as well.

1. The Beginning of the Universe

The first great lesson is dramatic and exciting. Students enter a darkened room with soft music playing. After they are seated, the guide begins telling the story of when everything was darker and colder than they can imagine, and how a great flaring forth was the beginning of our universe. There are moments in the lesson when they are shown grains of sand in comparison to the number of stars, they learn about the attraction and repelling of particles, how weight and density affects matter, and what the three states of matter are on earth.  

Following this storytelling lesson, the class will launch into a different, related unit of study each year, giving children the ability to see things from a different perspective. 

Before the second great lesson, students are able to interact with a number of materials that put the vastness of time in perspective. The Clock of Eons reimagines Earth’s history and major periods of time on a 12-hour clock. The Long Black Strip illustrates how much time passed with an actual long black strip of fabric, before reaching a tiny section of white at the end, signifying human’s history on the planet.

2. The Coming of Life on Earth

Children love learning about animals, so this particular work is always approached with great enthusiasm. The main material used is called the Timeline of Life, and it colorfully and beautifully illustrates the evolution of life on our planet from the early Paleozoic Era through today. Being able to see how life has changed over time, and even the ways in which it has remained the same, always makes an impact on children. 

This work naturally lends itself to in-depth studies of both plants and animals, with various methods of classification.

3. The Study of Early Humans

Touched upon in lower elementary, but often emphasized in upper elementary, there is a timeline to support this study as well. We are all fascinated to learn about our ancestors, and it gives children a sense of gratitude for those that have come before us and for all the great work that has been done throughout history.

Not only do children have an opportunity to study early hominids, but as mentioned earlier they take a look at the early great civilizations and how they changed over time.  

4. The History of Writing

From the earliest cuneiform, hieroglyphs, and ancient scripts, to the various languages written around the world today, the history of writing is fascinating. To learn about such information while also learning to write for the first time in one’s life sparks a curiosity that is difficult to replicate.

5. The History of Mathematics

Math is a subject that grows in sequential building blocks, and so it was with the discoveries of various mathematical concepts. Over time, humans discovered more complex and abstract ways of expressing the numerical world. Just as with learning about the beginnings of writing, children are always excited to learn about how math has evolved throughout time and in various cultures.

Now that you have a basic understanding of cosmic education, we would love to hear what you think. Curious to learn more? The best way is to see it for yourself. Call us today to schedule a visit.

Montessori Basics: Cosmic Work

Last month we shared an article about Montessori’s elementary curriculum: coined cosmic education. This month we dive a bit deeper to share an interesting concept Dr. Montessori wrote about and considered when developing her work for elementary children.

A definition

Cosmic work, or a cosmic task, is that which anything in the universe does to contribute to the greater good, most often unknowingly. Dr. Montessori felt that teaching elementary-aged children about cosmic work throughout Earth’s history would serve as inspiration for them as they define their own cosmic work over the course of their lives. Cosmic work serves as an idea to support the symbiosis of all things.

“They (children of the first plane) have already absorbed the immediate environment and the restricted society they and their families have dealings with. You must try to give the child what he now longs for: the understanding of the world, how it functions and how it affects the life and behavior of humanity.” -Maria Montessori, To Educate the Human Potential

Examples

Cosmic tasks can be found wherever you look. A small sampling of examples: 

• Bees collect nectar and pollen from flowers to feed themselves and their colonies. At the same time, they unknowingly pollinate the flowers, allowing plants to reproduce.

• Flowers rely on birds, bees, and other insects to pollinate them. They are, at the same time, providing food for many organisms.

• Ancient plant and animal life died and chemically transformed into coal and oil. Though these creatures were just experiencing their natural life cycle, they inadvertently created materials that have been used by humans as energy.

• More than 2 billion years ago, photosynthetic microbes began to appear in our oceans, thus creating oxygen in our atmosphere that would later support the respiration of a wide variety of life.

• Even inorganic entities can have a cosmic task. For example, the sun is just burning because of its natural nuclear fusion. As a result, it gives warmth, light, and energy to countless organisms on our planet.

In the materials

There are a wide variety of ways Montessori guides support this learning in the elementary classroom environment. One of the most evident and impressionistic is via the Timeline of Life material. Mentioned in our previous cosmic education post, this gorgeous color-illustrated wall hanging teaches children about the evolution of life on our planet. Through many lessons and discussions they learn about various organisms and the impact each has made on the development of Earth and other living things.

Montessori elementary science curriculum focuses largely on biology, including a general overview of the five kingdoms, differentiation between vertebrates and invertebrates, zoology, and botany. During the course of a three-year cycle in a class, a child will learn much about living things and how they relate and react to one another.

“The child will develop a kind of philosophy, which teaches him the unity of the universe. This is the very thing to organize his intelligence and to give him a better insight into his own place and task in the world.” - Maria Montessori, International Montessori Conference. Amsterdam, 1950

Beyond learning the basics of biology, Montessori students study the history of human beings. From the earliest humans to ancient civilizations and the consideration of how we form and function within our societies today, we give children a multi-faceted view of human beings. Learning about our ancestors and how we have organized ourselves over the years gives children a framework into which they can better understand human evolution and impact.

Questions and connections

As with most skills and lessons in Montessori schools, our aim is not to deliver facts for children to memorize, but rather to inspire them to ask questions and seek out the answers. This aim cultivates a lifelong love of learning rather than a view that school is just an information delivery system.

Teaching elementary children about cosmic work appeals to them because they are beginning to consider their own place in the universe. When we learn about how each organism (and even nonliving things) have contributed to the success of others, it’s only natural to make the jump to considering one’s own purpose. 

In combination with leading children to consider their own purpose and path, we want them to view the cosmic work of humanity as a whole. What is the purpose of humans as a species? Our consciousness gives us the opportunity to consider this task in ways that other organisms cannot; does this mean we can choose the path of our influence or will be unknowingly contributing just like all the others? There may not be a straightforward answer, but it’s certain a fascinating idea for both children and adults to consider.

Dr. Montessori wasn’t the only person to think this way. Many others share similar thoughts. One notable example is Thomas Berry, famed cultural historian and author. In his book The Great Work: Our Way into the Future, he discusses how humans might consider our influence on the planet and its ecosystems. He presents the idea that our earth is at a critical period of transition, and that humans may have the ability to influence the outcome.

Hopefully this topic has been as fascinating for you as it is for us. We leave you with a quote from one of Montessori’s most foundational and influential educators:

“Cosmic Education results in creative attempts to lead a new and different kind of human life, with responsible participation in all natural and human phenomena.” -Camillo Grazzini, 24th International Montessori Congress 2001

Montessori Basics: Cosmic Education

When Dr. Montessori began developing the elementary curriculum, she knew it had to be vastly different from the work of younger children.  Not only were the academic skills to be more challenging, but the manner in which content was to be delivered shouldn’t be the same.  This was because she understood that in the second plane of development (ages 6-12), children’s needs are very different from the needs of their younger selves.

She coined the term cosmic education to describe the work done in the elementary years.  Around age 6, a child’s scope of vision tends to expand beyond themselves.  Social connections are suddenly far more important, they develop vivid imaginations, and they become curious about their world, their universe, and how they fit into the big picture.  Our task is to provide a framework in which they can explore those areas.

One way we tap into the wonder of the elementary mind is via what we call the Great Lessons.  The five Great Lessons are not synonymous with cosmic education, but rather they are a springboard from which the work can begin.  These lessons are dramatic and impressionistic.  They open doors in the child’s imagination from which a wide scope of learning can begin.

These five lessons are given each year, although some schools may divide them between lower and upper elementary levels.  Over the course of three years in a classroom, a child will receive a lesson three times, with a different level of deepening understanding each time.  The weeks and months that follow will include many related lessons, though these may vary from year to year in order to cover a range of topics and student interests.

The Beginning/The Creation of the Universe

Typically given near the beginning of the school year, this lesson is a delight for children.  The guide prepares materials while the children are elsewhere: a long series of “experiments” and other props that will be used during the telling of the story.  The blinds are drawn, lights turned off, and perhaps there is some soft music playing as the students arrive and take their seats facing the guide.

The story begins with a description of the time before our universe began: how it was colder and darker than we can even imagine, and how in an instant [a black balloon filled with glitter and confetti is popped] it came into being.  A soft candle is lit, and the guide launches into storytelling about how different particles came together and moved apart.  They talk about the immense number of stars in our universe, states of matter, how quickly light travels, and how the solar system and the surface of the Earth formed over time.  The lesson culminates with the explosion of a model volcano, and setting the stage for the life that was to come in Earth’s future.

Follow-up lessons and work are often related to the study of space, chemistry, physics, geology, and geography.  The lesson is also a great prequel to teaching children about the scientific method and how to conduct experiments.  

The Coming of Life

A bit later in the school year the children will begin to learn about the evolution of life on Earth.  Two materials: the Long Black Strip and the Clock of Eras give children a visual idea of the amount of time Earth has been in existence compared to how long humans (and other living beings) have been here.  It’s often shocking for children (and adults!) to see a long black strip of fabric (Earth’s lifespan) running the length of a long hallway, with a tiny strip of white at one end to represent all of humanity.  These types of lessons are humbling to children, and they begin to give them a sense of connection to those that have come before us.

The main event of this great lesson, however, is the Timeline of Life.  This gorgeous, colorful, illustrated material shows children just how life has evolved throughout history.  From early one-celled organisms to the first plants, and invertebrates, through the various vertebrates throughout time, children in the elementary years adore this work.  They learn about how fossils are our records of the past, and how our understanding of the past changes with each new discovery.  (The Timeline of Life has been revised several times!)

Follow-up work includes plenty of biology content.  Children learn about the five kingdoms of life on Earth.  They take a close look at the five classes of vertebrates, their external features, and internal body functions.  They learn about the biology of plants as well, from algae and mosses to flowering and fruiting plants, and so many more.

The Coming of Humans

This lesson includes a beautiful timeline as well that displays dates and evidence of our evolution from the earliest hominids to the present day.  Children learn about what makes humans special, and how our ability to think, feel, and work have let us make developments that are unique to our species.  They learn about the migration humans have made across the globe and how we have used various tools and technologies to make our lives easier.

Montessori guides introduce children to the concept of the fundamental needs of humans.  We discuss what those needs are and how we meet them today.  One material allows children to explore how these same needs have been met by various civilizations throughout history.  Learning about our past as a species is important for children in the second plane of development.  It helps them develop a sense of self, and a sense of belonging in the bigger picture.

The History of Mathematics

Simply put, children are fascinated to learn about the origins of math and numbers.  This focus allows them to take a peek at how math has transformed over time, and to learn which people have made significant contributions to our mathematical understanding.

This comes at a perfect time, as they are simultaneously learning the foundational math skills that will take them through the rest of their lives.  When a child is working on their subtraction problems and they are able to relate it back to the beginnings of subtraction, the work is so much more meaningful and exciting for them.

The History of Language

Similar to the previous lesson, the history of language gives children a framework in which they might place their own learning of language.  By this time in their lives they have mastered oral language, but they are still very much engaged in the development of their own reading and writing skills.  To learn about the origins of such things is empowering and fascinating, and makes their work more special than it otherwise would be.

We hope this has been an interesting topic to read about.  If you have any questions or would like to observe in our elementary program to see cosmic education at work, please let us know!  We think you will find the experience enlightening and rewarding.